Comparative perspectives on societal decline: Ibn Khaldun, Toynbee, and Hegel

• Main Authors: Tahir, Zhilwan, Jalal Nuri, Abdulwahed
• 格式: Article
• 语言: English
• 出版: Journal of History and Social Sciences 2025
• 主题: D History General and Old World
• 在线阅读: http://irep.iium.edu.my/118737/1/118737_Comparative%20perspectives%20on%20societal.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/118737/; https://jhss-uok.com/index.php/JHSS/about

This article explores the nuanced theories of societal decline offered by Ibn Khaldun, Arnold Toynbee, and G.W.F. Hegel, each providing unique insights into the mechanisms of civilizational collapse. Ibn Khaldun’s concept of Asabiyyah underscores the role of social cohesion in sustaining a society,...