Removal of fluoride using quaternized palm kernel shell as adsorbents: Equilibrium isotherms and kinetics studies

• Main Authors: Abu Bakar, Ayu Haslija, Koay, Yin Shin, Ching, Yernchee, Chuah Abdullah, Luqman, Choong, Thomas S Y, Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid, Mobarekeh, Mohsen Nourouzi, Mohd Zahri, Nur Amirah
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: North Carolina State University 2016
• Subjects: TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/56436/1/56436_Removal%20of%20fluoride.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/56436/2/56436_Removal%20of%20fluoride_WOS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/56436/3/56436_Removal%20of%20fluoride_SCOPUS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/56436/; http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_2_4485_Abu_Bakar_Fluoride_Palm_Kernel_Shell

Palm kernel shell (PKS) core fibers, an agricultural waste, were chemically modified using N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHMAC) as a quaternizing agent. The potential of quaternized palm kernel shell (QPKS) as an adsorbent for fluoride in an aqueous solution was then studi...